Recombinant Human Secretory Phospholipase A2 Receptor 1, PLA2R1

PLA2R is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of 180–200 kDa and is present in a wide variety of cells and tissues (1). Receptor for secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) belonging to the mannose receptor family (2). It is composed of a large extracellular N-terminal portion, consisting of a N-terminal cystein-rich region, a fibronectin-like type II domain, a tandem repeat of eight carbohydrate-recognition domains essential for ligand binding, and short intracellular C-terminal region. Acts as a receptor for phosholipase sPLA2- IB/PLA2G1B. Also able to bind to snake PA2-like toxins. Binding of sPLA2-IB/PLA2G1B induces various effects depending on the cell type, such as activation of the mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade to induce cell proliferation, the production of lipid mediators, selective release of arachidonic acid in bone marrow-derived mast cells. In neutrophils, binding of sPLA2-IB/PLA2G1B can activate p38 MAPK to stimulate elastase release and cell adhesion. May be involved in responses in proinflammatory cytokine productions during endotoxic shock (3). The soluble secretory phospholipase A2 receptor form is circulating and acts as a negative regulator of sPLA2 functions by blocking the biological functions of sPLA2-IB/PLA2G1B. PLA2R is expressed on the surface of podocytes and represents a target autoantigen in 70% of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (4). It has a diagnostic value in detecting and quantifying anti-PLA2R autoimmunity

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